Sunday, August 23, 2020

Protein Synthesis - Protein Synthesis Worksheet

         Protein synthesis worksheet 


The process of formation of protein from.its constituent materials is called as protein synthesis. It includes 2 steps.

  • Transcription
  • Translation 

They are explained below.

Transcription 

  1. This process includes the formation of m-RNA from DNA.
  2. Transcription takes place in only one strand of DNA.
  3. It normally occurs in 5'-3' direction.
  4. During transcription, the DNA site at which RNA polymerase binds is called promoter site.

Transcrption in various organisms takes place in various process.
Transcription in Prokaryotes 

  • Transcription of all the three types of RNA occurs in the presence of single enzyme called as RNA polymerase.

  • The Inhibitor of transcription in prokaryotes is Rifampcin. 
    protein synthesis,protein,steps of protein synthesis,how does protein synthesis work,protein synthesis steps,muscle protein synthesis,how protein synthesis works,synthesis,process of protein synthesis,protein synthesis animation,protein biosynthesis,polypeptide synthesis,protein shake,protein supplement,best protein supplements,how does protein powder work in the body,how does protein work,how proteins are made,how much protein,how much protein too much,protein formation,protein production
Transcription in Eukaryotes .
Three different enzymes are found in transcription in eukaryotes .
  • RNA polymerase-1 : It transcribes r-RNA in nucleolus except 5-s rRNA.
  • RNA polymerase-2 : It transcribes m-RNA in nucleoplasm.
  • RNA polymerase-3 : It transcribes t-RNA and 5-s rRNA.
Note:- aplha-Amanitin is the inhibitor of transcription in eukaryotes.
  • Transcription starts with the separation of DNA strand.
  • m-RNA formed after transcription is called primary transcript.
For primary transcript
Coding part is EXON.
Non-Coding part is INTRONS.

  • Removal of introns from exon is called splicing.
  • After splicing m-RNA undergoes methylation (Addition of 7 methyl guanosine  at 5' end) and polyadenylation (Addition of polyadenine at 3' end).
  • Methylation is for the protection of initiation codon.
  • Polyadenylation is for the protection of 3' end.
  • m-RNA formed after methylation and adenylationis called matured m-RNA.
protein synthesis,protein,steps of protein synthesis,how does protein synthesis work,protein synthesis steps,muscle protein synthesis,how protein synthesis works,synthesis,process of protein synthesis,protein synthesis animation,protein biosynthesis,polypeptide synthesis,protein shake,protein supplement,best protein supplements,how does protein powder work in the body,how does protein work,how proteins are made,how much protein,how much protein too much,protein formation,protein production

Translation 

  1. It is the formation of protein from m-RNA.
  2. It occurs in 5'-3' direction.
  3. Amino acid is activated (it requires ATP and enzymes).
  4. Activated amino acid is charged on t-RNA.
  5. Small sub- unit pf ribosomes is attached to the messenger RNA.
  6. Then larger sub-unit of ribosome is fused to this complex .
  7. Large sub-units of ribosome has  basically 2 sieds.
  8.     P site- peptidyl site :- Here the peptide bind is formed.
  9.     A site- amino acyl site :- The new amino acid comes to this site.
  10. The first amino acid always comes to P site.
  11. Next amino acid comes to A site.
  12. COOH group of first amino acid and NH2 group of next form peptide bond.
  13. This dipeptide moves from A site to P site in presence of enzyme translocase.
  14. This process is continued till it reaches termination codon.
  15. At last releasing factor release polypeptide and protein synthesis is complete.

Reverse transcription 

  • It occurs in retrovirus 
  • It was discovered by Temin nad Baltimore in Rous Sarcoma Virus.
  • Reverse Transcription is also called as Teminism
  • Reverse transcription is RNA> DNA >RNA >protein.
  • Flow of information is bidirectional.                                                        If you liked our Article on Protein Synthesis, do share the content.  

No comments:

Post a Comment

SAMSUNG GALAXY S21 5G (PHANTOMBLACK, 12 GB,256 GB STORAGE with NO COST EMIADDITIONAL EXCHANGE OFFERS AVAILABLE) Now you can buy on  amazon.c...