Friday, August 21, 2020

Gastrointestinal Hormones - Digestive System Hormone

          Gastro Intestinal Hormones 

   Gastrointestinal Hormones are the peptide hormones present or produced in various part of our digestive system. There are many gastrointestinal hormones present some of them are:


  • Gastrin
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  • Secretin
  • Serotonin 
  • Somatostatin
  • Enterogastrone
  • CCK-PZ
  • Duocrinin
  • Enterocrinin
  • Villikinin

Now each of the gastrointestinal hormones are described in details.

Gastrin
They are secreted in stomach Its release is stimulated by the distension of stomach. It stimulates the exocrine cells of stomach to release pepsin and HCL and they causes increased gastric motility.

Secretin
It the the first identified hormone. It was identified in 1903 by Bayliss amd Starling. It is secreted from duodenum. Acidic chyme acts as its stimulus. It increases the HCO3 in pancreatic juice. It also increases bile secretion and decreases gastric secretion and mobility.

Serotonin
[5-Hydroxy tryptamine (5-HT)]
It is specially secreted in duodenum. It stimulates the intestinal peristalsis.

Somatostatin
They are secreted in stomach, pancreas and hypothalamus . It inhibits gastrin, secretin, CCK and Glucagon.

Enterogastrone
It is secreted in duodenum. Its stimulus is acidic chyme. It decreases the gastric secretion, motility and churning but increases the insulin secretion.

CCK-PZ 
They are secreted from duodenum. The fats in the chyme is stimulus and causes contraction of Gall bladder. It also causes relaxation of sphincter of Oddi and stimulates release of digestive enzymes in the pancreatic juice.
CCK acts on vagal neuron to activate satiety centre and decreases gastric emptying.
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Duocrinin
It is secreted in the duodenum. Its stimulus is acidic chyme. It stimulates the Brunnrr's Gland. 

Enterokinin
It is secreted in small.intestine. Its stimulus is Acidic Chyme. Its stimulates the crypts of lieberkuhn. 

Villikinin
It is secreted in small intestine. Presence of food is the stimulus. It stimulates the villi movement.
   • Motilin- Is in the duodenum and increases

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